Ubuyazi lontoAluminiyamyenza i-75% -80% yenqwelomoya yale mihla?!
Imbali ye-aluminium kwishishini le-aerospace ibuyela emva. Ngapha koko, i-aluminiyam yayisetyenziswa kwinqwelomoya ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe iinqwelomoya. Ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19, u-Count Ferdinand Zeppelin wasebenzisa i-aluminiyam ukwenza iifreyimu zeenqwelomoya zakhe ezidumileyo zeZeppelin.
Ialuminiyam ilungele ukwenziwa kwenqwelomoya kuba ikhaphukhaphu kwaye yomelele. I-aluminiyam imalunga nesithathu sobunzima bentsimbi, evumela inqwelo-moya ukuba ithwale ubunzima obuninzi kwaye okanye yonge amafutha. Ngaphaya koko, ukuxhathisa okuphezulu kwe-aluminiyam ekudlekeni kuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwenqwelomoya kunye nabakhweli bayo.
AmaBanga e-Aluminiyam ye-Aerospace eqhelekileyo
2024-Idla ngokusetyenziswa kwizikhumba zenqwelomoya, iinkomo, izakhiwo zenqwelomoya. Ikwasetyenziselwa ukulungisa nokubuyisela.
3003– Eli phepha le-aluminiyam lisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinkomo kunye ne-baffle plating.
5052-Idla ngokusetyenziswa ukwenza iitanki zamafutha. I-5052 inokumelana ne-corrosion ebalaseleyo (ingakumbi kwizicelo zaselwandle).
6061-Iqhele ukusetyenziselwa iimethi zokumisa inqwelomoya kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi ezingezizo ezomoya.
7075– Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa ukuqinisa izakhiwo zeenqwelomoya. I-7075 yi-alloy yokuqina okuphezulu kwaye lelinye lawona mabanga aqhelekileyo asetyenziswa kushishino lweenqwelomoya (ekufuphi no-2024).
Imbali yeAluminiyam kwiShishini leAerospace
Abazalwana bakwaWright
NgoDisemba 17, 1903, abazalwana bakwaWright benza inqwelo-moya yabo yokuqala emhlabeni, iWright Flyer.
IFlyer kaWright Brother's Wright
Ngelo xesha, ii-injini zemoto zazinzima kakhulu kwaye azizange zinikeze amandla aneleyo okuphumelela, ngoko abazalwana bakwaWright bakha injini ekhethekileyo apho ibhloko yesilinda kunye nezinye iindawo zenziwe nge-aluminium.
Njengoko i-aluminium yayingafumaneki ngokubanzi kwaye yayibiza kakhulu, inqwelomoya ngokwayo yenziwe kwi-spruce yaseSitka kunye nesakhelo se-bamboo esigqunywe ngeseyile. Ngenxa yesantya esisezantsi somoya kunye namandla okunyuswa okunyinyitheka kwenqwelomoya, ukugcina isakhelo sikhaphukhaphu ngokugqithisileyo kwakubalulekile kwaye umthi yayikuphela kwezinto ezinokwenzeka ukukhanya okwaneleyo ukubhabha, kodwa zomelele ngokwaneleyo ukuthwala umthwalo ofunekayo.
Kuya kuthatha iminyaka elishumi ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwe-aluminiyam kwande ngakumbi.
IMfazwe Yehlabathi I
Iinqwelomoya zokhuni zenza uphawu lwazo kwiintsuku zokuqala zokuhamba ngeenqwelomoya, kodwa ngexesha leMfazwe Yehlabathi I, i-aluminiyam ekhaphukhaphu yaqala ukuthatha indawo yomthi njengenxalenye ebalulekileyo yokwenziwa kwe-aerospace.
Ngowe-1915 umyili wenqwelo-moya waseJamani uHugo Junkers wakha inqwelo-moya yokuqala yehlabathi enentsimbi; iJunkers J 1 monoplane. I-fuselage yayo yenziwe kwi-alloy ye-aluminium equka ubhedu, i-magnesium kunye ne-manganese.
IiJunkers J 1
Ubudala beGolide boKubhabha
Ixesha eliphakathi kweMfazwe Yehlabathi I neMfazwe Yehlabathi II labizwa ngokuba yiGolden Age of Aviation
Ngexesha lee-1920s, abantu baseMelika nabaseYurophu bakhuphisana kumdyarho wenqwelomoya, nto leyo eyakhokelela kubuchule bokuyila kunye nokusebenza. Ii-biplanes zatshintshwa zii-monoplanes ezilungelelanisiweyo kwaye kwabakho utshintsho kwiifreyimu zetsimbi zonke ezenziwe kwiialloys ze-aluminium.
I "Tin Goose"
Ngo-1925, iFord Motor Co. yangena kwishishini leenqwelomoya. UHenry Ford wayila i-4-AT, inqwelomoya eneenjini ezintathu, enentsimbi yonke esebenzisa amacangci ealuminiyam. Ibizwa ngokuba “yi-Tin Goose”, yaba yinto ethandwayo ngoko nangoko kubakhweli kunye nabaqhubi beenqwelomoya.
Embindini we-1930s, kwavela uhlobo olutsha lwenqwelomoya olulungelelanisiweyo, oluneenjini ezininzi ezibotshwe ngokuqinileyo, izixhobo zokumisa ezirhoxayo, iipropeller eziguquguqukayo, kunye nolwakhiwo lwe-aluminiyam yolusu.
IMfazwe Yehlabathi II
Ngexesha leMfazwe yeHlabathi yesiBini, i-aluminiyam yayifuneka kwizicelo ezininzi zasemkhosini - ngakumbi ukwakhiwa kweefreyimu zenqwelomoya-eyabangela ukuba imveliso ye-aluminiyam inyuke.
Imfuno ye-aluminiyam yayinkulu kangangokuba ngo-1942, i-WOR-NYC yasasaza umboniso kanomathotholo othi "Aluminiyam yoKhuselo" ukukhuthaza abantu baseMerika ukuba bafake i-aluminiyam elahlekileyo kwimigudu yemfazwe. Ukurisayikilishwa kwakhona kwe-aluminiyam kwakhuthazwa, kwaye i-“Tinfoil Drives” yanikezela ngamatikiti emuvi asimahla ukutshintshiselana neebhola zefoil ye-aluminiyam.
Ngexesha ukusuka ngoJulayi 1940 ukuya ku-Agasti 1945, i-US yavelisa i-aircraft ye-296,000 emangalisayo. Ngaphezu kwesiqingatha senziwe ikakhulu ngealuminiyam. Imboni ye-aerospace yase-US yakwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zomkhosi waseMelika, kunye namahlakani aseMelika kuquka iBritane. Kwincopho yazo ngowe-1944, amaziko eenqwelo-moya aseMerika ayevelisa iinqwelo-moya ezili-11 ngeyure nganye.
Ekupheleni kwemfazwe, iMerika yayinowona mkhosi womoya unamandla ehlabathini.
Ixesha langoku
Ukususela ekupheleni kwemfazwe, i-aluminiyam ibe yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokwenziwa kweenqwelo-moya. Nangona ukubunjwa kwe-aluminium alloys kuphuculwe, iinzuzo ze-aluminium zihlala zifana. Ialuminiyam ivumela abaqulunqi benqwelomoya ukuba bakhe inqwelomoya elula kangangoko, ekwaziyo ukuthwala imithwalo enzima, esebenzisa umlinganiselo omncinane wepetroli nengenako ukurusa.
IConcorde
Kwimveliso yeenqwelo moya yanamhlanje, ialuminiyam isetyenziswa kuyo yonke indawo. IConcorde, eyayibhabhisa abakhweli ngesantya esiphindwe kabini kwisantya sesandi kangangeminyaka engama-27, yayakhiwe ngesikhumba sealuminiyam.
I-Boeing 737, eyona nqwelo-moya ithengiswa kakhulu yejethi eyenze uhambo lomoya kubantu abaninzi lube yinyani, yi-80% yealuminiyam.
Iinqwelo-moya zanamhlanje zisebenzisa i-aluminiyam kwifuselage, iipaneli zamaphiko, iphini lokujika, imibhobho yokukhupha umoya, ucango nemigangatho, izihlalo, iiinjini zomoya, kunye nezixhobo zegumbi lokuhamba.
Ukuhlola indawo
Ialuminiyam ayixabisekanga kungekuphela nje kwiinqwelomoya kodwa nakwiziphekepheke, apho ubunzima obuphantsi budityaniswe namandla aphezulu kubaluleke ngakumbi. Ngomnyaka we-1957, iSoviet Union yaqalisa i-satellite yokuqala, i-Sputnik 1, eyenziwa kwi-alloy aluminium.
Zonke iziphekepheke zala maxesha ziqulethwe ngama-50% ukuya kuma-90% ealloyi yealuminiyam. Iialloyi zealuminiyam zisetyenziswe kakhulu kwiziphekepheke zika-Apollo, isikhululo saseSkylab, iSpace Shuttles kunye neSikhululo saMajukujuku saMazwe ngaMazwe.
I-spacecraft ye-Orion - okwangoku iphantsi kophuhliso - yenzelwe ukuvumela ukuphononongwa kwabantu kwe-asteroids kunye ne-Mars. Umvelisi, u-Lockheed Martin, ukhethe i-aluminium-lithium alloy kwizinto eziphambili ze-Orion.
Isikhululo seSithuba seSkylab
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-20-2023